General matters
5. Policy, legal and organizational frameworks related to tenure |
5.3
States should ensure that policy, legal and organizational frameworks for tenure governance recognize and respect, in accordance with
national laws, legitimate tenure rights including legitimate customary tenure rights that are not currently protected by law; and facilitate, promote and protect the exercise of tenure rights. Frameworks should reflect the social, cultural, economic and environmental significance of land, fisheries and forests. States should provide frameworks that are non-discriminatory and promote social equity and gender equality.
Frameworks should reflect the interconnected relationships between land, fisheries and forests and their uses, and establish an integrated approach to their administration |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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General matters
5. Policy, legal and organizational frameworks related to tenure |
5.9
States should recognize that policies and laws on tenure rights operate in the broader political, legal, social, cultural, religious, economic and environmental contexts. Where the broader contexts change, and where reforms to tenure are therefore required, States should seek to develop national consensus on proposed reforms. |
Right to freedom of religion
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III
Every person has the right freely to profess a religious faith, and to manifest and practice it both in public and in private.
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General matters
5. Policy, legal and organizational frameworks related to tenure |
5.9
States should recognize that policies and laws on tenure rights operate in the broader political, legal, social, cultural, religious, economic and environmental contexts. Where the broader contexts change, and where reforms to tenure are therefore required, States should seek to develop national consensus on proposed reforms. |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights and duties
8. Public land, fisheries and forests |
8.7
States should develop and publicize policies covering the allocation of tenure rights to others and, where appropriate, the delegation of responsibilities for tenure governance. Policies for allocation of tenure rights should be consistent with broader social, economic and environmental objectives. Local communities that have traditionally used the land, fisheries and forests should receive due consideration in the reallocation of tenure rights. Policies should take into account the tenure rights of others and anyone who could be affected should be included in the consultation, participation and decision-making processes. Such policies should ensure that the allocation of tenure rights does not threaten the livelihoods of people by depriving them of their legitimate access to these resources. |
Right to work, to free choice of employment, right to enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work
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XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit.
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Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights and duties
9. Indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems |
9.1
State and non-state actors should acknowledge that land, fisheries and forests have social, cultural, spiritual, economic, environmental and political value to indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems. |
Right to property
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XXIII
Every person has a right to own such private property as meets the essential needs of decent living and helps to maintain the dignity of the individual and of the home.
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Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights and duties
9. Indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems |
9.1
State and non-state actors should acknowledge that land, fisheries and forests have social, cultural, spiritual, economic, environmental and political value to indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems. |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights and duties
9. Indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems |
9.7
States should, in drafting tenure policies and laws, take into account the social, cultural, spiritual, economic and environmental values of land, fisheries and forests held under tenure systems of indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems. There should be full and effective participation of all members or representatives of affected communities, including vulnerable and marginalized members, when
developing policies and laws related to tenure systems of indigenous peoples and other communities with customary tenure systems |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Transfers and other changes to tenure rights and duties
16. Expropriation and compensation |
16.2
States should ensure that the planning and process for expropriation are transparent and participatory. Anyone likely to be affected should be identified, and properly informed and consulted at all stages.
Consultations, consistent with the principles of these Guidelines, should provide information regarding possible alternative approaches to achieve the public purpose, and should have regard to strategies to minimize disruption of livelihoods. States should be sensitive where proposed expropriations involve areas of particular cultural, religious or environmental significance, or where the land, fisheries and forests in question are particularly important to the livelihoods of the poor or vulnerable. |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Transfers and other changes to tenure rights and duties
16. Expropriation and compensation |
16.2
States should ensure that the planning and process for expropriation are transparent and participatory. Anyone likely to be affected should be identified, and properly informed and consulted at all stages.
Consultations, consistent with the principles of these Guidelines, should provide information regarding possible alternative approaches to achieve the public purpose, and should have regard to strategies to minimize disruption of livelihoods. States should be sensitive where proposed expropriations involve areas of particular cultural, religious or environmental significance, or where the land, fisheries and forests in question are particularly important to the livelihoods of the poor or vulnerable. |
Right to work, to free choice of employment, right to enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work
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XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit.
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Administration of tenure
18. Valuation |
18.1
States should ensure that appropriate systems are used for the fair and timely valuation of tenure rights for specific purposes, such as operation of markets, security for loans, transactions in tenure rights as a result of
investments, expropriation and taxation. Such systems should promote broader social, economic, environmental and sustainable development objectives. |
Right to equality before the law and equal protection of the law
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II
All persons are equal before the law and have the rights and duties established in this Declaration, without distinction as to race, sex, language, creed or any other factor.
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Administration of tenure
18. Valuation |
18.1
States should ensure that appropriate systems are used for the fair and timely valuation of tenure rights for specific purposes, such as operation of markets, security for loans, transactions in tenure rights as a result of
investments, expropriation and taxation. Such systems should promote broader social, economic, environmental and sustainable development objectives. |
Right to property
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XXIII
Every person has a right to own such private property as meets the essential needs of decent living and helps to maintain the dignity of the individual and of the home.
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Administration of tenure
18. Valuation |
18.1
States should ensure that appropriate systems are used for the fair and timely valuation of tenure rights for specific purposes, such as operation of markets, security for loans, transactions in tenure rights as a result of
investments, expropriation and taxation. Such systems should promote broader social, economic, environmental and sustainable development objectives. |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Administration of tenure
18. Valuation |
18.1
States should ensure that appropriate systems are used for the fair and timely valuation of tenure rights for specific purposes, such as operation of markets, security for loans, transactions in tenure rights as a result of
investments, expropriation and taxation. Such systems should promote broader social, economic, environmental and sustainable development objectives. |
Right to work, to free choice of employment, right to enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work
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XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit.
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Administration of tenure
18. Valuation |
18.2
Policies and laws related to valuation should strive to ensure that valuation systems take into account non-market values, such as social, cultural, religious, spiritual and environmental values where applicable |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Administration of tenure
20. Regulated spatial planning |
20.3
States should ensure that regulated spatial planning is conducted in a manner that recognizes the interconnected relationships between land, fisheries and forests and their uses, including the gendered aspects of their uses. States should strive towards reconciling and prioritizing public,
community and private interests and accommodate the requirements for various uses, such as rural, agricultural, nomadic, urban and environmental. Spatial planning should consider all tenure rights, including overlapping
and periodic rights. Appropriate risk assessments for spatial planning should be required. National, regional and local spatial plans should be coordinated |
Right to property
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XXIII
Every person has a right to own such private property as meets the essential needs of decent living and helps to maintain the dignity of the individual and of the home.
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Administration of tenure
20. Regulated spatial planning |
20.3
States should ensure that regulated spatial planning is conducted in a manner that recognizes the interconnected relationships between land, fisheries and forests and their uses, including the gendered aspects of their uses. States should strive towards reconciling and prioritizing public,
community and private interests and accommodate the requirements for various uses, such as rural, agricultural, nomadic, urban and environmental. Spatial planning should consider all tenure rights, including overlapping
and periodic rights. Appropriate risk assessments for spatial planning should be required. National, regional and local spatial plans should be coordinated |
Right to take part in cultural life
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XIII
Every person has the right to take part in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to participate in the benefits that result from intellectual progress, especially scientific discoveries.
He likewise has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests as regards his inventions or any literary, scientific or artistic works of which he is the author.
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Administration of tenure
20. Regulated spatial planning |
20.3
States should ensure that regulated spatial planning is conducted in a manner that recognizes the interconnected relationships between land, fisheries and forests and their uses, including the gendered aspects of their uses. States should strive towards reconciling and prioritizing public,
community and private interests and accommodate the requirements for various uses, such as rural, agricultural, nomadic, urban and environmental. Spatial planning should consider all tenure rights, including overlapping
and periodic rights. Appropriate risk assessments for spatial planning should be required. National, regional and local spatial plans should be coordinated |
Right to work, to free choice of employment, right to enjoyment of just and favourable conditions of work
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XIV
Every person has the right to work, under proper conditions, and to follow his vocation freely, insofar as existing conditions of employment permit.
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